Aspergillus versicolor was grown in soilcompost medium at ph 4. Dry root rot of chickpea caused by macrophomina phaseolina is an important disease affecting chickpea production areas in india, the largest producer of this crop in the world. Biological control of macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid. It is an important pathogen inhabiting the soil, distinguished as being. In this study, several isolates of two bio control agents, trichoderma viride and pseudomonas fluorescens, were assessed. Crop protection 1986 5 4, 288292 biological control of macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid by trichoderma harzianum y. Biochar and trichoderma harzianum for the control of. The macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid fungus, causal agent of charcoal root rot, is considered one of the most.
Its ability to improve ros production and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes could be related to its capacity to control the disease. Vechiato m h, lasca c c, kohara e y, chiba s, 2000. The rootrot disease caused by macrophomina phaseolina significantly reduced the grain yield of mung bean by 36% the biocontrol agents checked the rootrot severity by 3147%. Macrophomina phaseolina causing stem canker of pigeonpea chikkanna swamy1, m. Bioefficacy of antagonists against rootrot fungus macrophomina. Pdf biological control of root rot fungus macrophomina.
Macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid was observed in farmers field of rajasthan. For the integrated management of the disease, biocontrol agents, fungicides, herbal oils, plant extracts and organic manure as well as their combinations. Pdf biological control of macrophomina phaseolina by. With activity inhibitive against macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid. Womens college, kongkhampat nambol 7954, india corresponding author a b s t r a c t. Pantoea agglomerans ena1 as a biocontrol agent of macrophomia phaseolina and growth enhancer of soybean. Biosurfactantmediated biocontrol of macrophomina phaseolina causing charcoal rot in vigna mungo by a plant growth promoting enterococcus sp.
The fungus can infect the root and lower stem of over 500 plant species and is widely distributed in the united states 8. A direct observation technique for evaluating sclerotium germination by macrophomina phaseolina and effects of biocontrol materials on survival of sclerotia in soil. Pdf biocontrol mechanisms of trichoderma harzianum against. Vitro trichoderma macrophomina phaseolina a b fistdst sponsored p. This study is based on the importance of biological control methods and the lack of information on the effect of biochar bch from sewage sludge associated or not with trichoderma harzianum on the control of macrophomina phaseolina in the bean crop phaseolus vulgaris, cv. Biological control of macrophomina phaseolina charcoal rot of. Pan czytelnia czasopism, biocontrol mechanisms of trichoderma harzianum against soybean charcoal rot caused by macrophomina phaseolina journal of plant protection research. This was also 292 biological control of macrophomina phaseolina reflected in fruits which matured faster on plants whose seeds were treated with the biocontrol agent. Throughout the world, charcoal rot, caused by macrophomina phaseolina, is one of the most destructive and widespread dis. Macrophomina phaseolina is a widespread, nonspecific pathogen that can infect more than 500 hosts in about 100 families, including crops and weeds 3, 4. Antagonists, biocontrol, groundnut, macrophomina phaseolina, organic amendments. Evaluation of biocontrol agents for the management of root.
Department of agriculture, agricultural research service, p. Seed treatment with trichoderma species for control of. Photchana trakunsukharat, department of agriculture, thailand. All trichoderma treatments significantly decreased by 16. Macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid, causing charcoal rot disease of soybean, is one of the major factors threatening soybean production, especially in dry years. Macrophomina phaseolina is an ascomycota fungus of the family botryosphaeriaceae. Pdf biocontrol mechanisms of trichoderma harzianum. A series of isolations were made from the soil of rhizosphere of healthy. Economic crop hosts include cotton, groundnut, jute, maize, millet, potato, sesame, soybean and other beans, sunflower, sweet potato, tomato, and tobacco 3.
Macrophomina phaseolina 1 and some species are also known for their abilities to enhance systemic resistance to plant diseases as well as overall plant growth 2. All the biocontrol agents showed considerable reduction in the growth of the pathogen. Genetical and biological control of cotton ashy stem caused. Sem study of fungal changes and uvmalditof ms analysis of their bioactive compounds. Pdf pantoea agglomerans ena1 as a biocontrol agent of.
Among the organic substrates used for multiplication of t. It was characterized and selected for the present studies. Potential biocontrol agents for the management of macrophomina. It affects many other crops also causing devastating effect in many regions worldwide. Expression of inhibition varied among strains and depended on growth media and screening. Bs article pdf available january 2016 with 74 reads. Charcoal rot is an important disease during hot, dry weather or when unfavorable environmental conditions stress the plant. Macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid is an important root pathogen that causes charcoal rot in over 500 plant species throughout the world. The charcoal rot of vigna mungo is caused by macrophomina phaseolina. It is an important pathogen inhabiting the soil, distinguished as being polyphagous, cosmopolitan, presenting high pathogenic variability and ability to survive in the soil under adverse conditions. The bio control exercised by tricoderma can occur by several antagonistic mechanisms such as nutrient competition, antibiotic production and mycoparasitism. Bn1 resulted in vacuolation, hyphal squeezing, swelling, abnormal branching and lysis of mycelia.
Biological control of macrophomina phaseolina by chemotactic fluorescent pseudomonas aeruginosa pn1 and its plant growth promotory activity in chirpine. Antagonistic activity of trichoderma and penicillium. It affects many other crops also causing devastating effect in. Fungal colonisation was efficiently prevented by inoculation with pseudomonas fluorescens 9. Macrophomina phaseolina is a botryosphaeriaceae plant pathogen fungus that causes damping off, seedling blight, collar rot, stem rot, charcoal rot, basal stem rot, and root rot on many plant species. Chirpine seedlings infected by the fungus at the nursery stage can. Journal of plant pathology 2010, 92 1, 173180 edizioni ets pisa, 2010 173 effects of compost amendment and the biocontrol agent clonostachys rosea on the development of charcoal rot macrophomina phaseolina on cowpea m. Biocontrol mechanisms of trichoderma harzianum against soybean charcoal rot 23 evaluation of antagonistic activity of trichoderma spp.
An isolate, bacillus subtilis bn1 exhibited strong antagonistic activity against macrophomina phaseolina, and other phytopathogens including fusarium oxysporum and rhizoctonia solani. College, ballia, india centre of advanced study in botany, banaras hindu university, varanasi, india screening,culturefiltrate,,antagonism abstract in study of antagonism was performed by dual culture method between the. Robindro singh2 1department of life sciences, manipur university 795003, india 2s. There are two species, macrophomina limbalis and macrophomina phaseolina.
Macrophomina phaseolina is an ascomycota fungus of the family botryosphaeriaceae 1. Charcoal rot in soybean and common bean, caused by pathogenic fungus macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid, is frequently correlated with viable sclerotia present in the soil iqbal and mukhtar, 2014. This pathogen remains the prevailing causal agent of charcoal rot disease that significantly suppresses the yield of a variety of oilseed crops. Four isolates of trichoderma harzianum rifai inhibited linear growth and microsclerotia production in macrophomina phaseolina in vitro. Chirpine pinus roxburghii is a source of timber, fuel wood, resin and turpentine oil and supposed as a multipurpose revenue earner forest tree of hilly states. Biological control of macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid by. Biological control of root rot fungus macrophomina. Trichoderma viride was the most effective with 47% disease decline and 29% yield increase pseudomonas aeruginosa checked the disease 44% and improved the yield 26%. A study was undertaken to evaluate the antagonistic activity of seven trichoderma species, and two penicillium species against brinjal root rot causing pathogen, macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid by dual culture plate technique under in vitro conditions. Evaluation of fungicides and bioagents under in vitro. Request pdf biocontrol of macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid. The influence of mineral and carbon sources on biological. One isolate of trichoderma harzianum, one isolate of trichoderma viride and one isolate of bacillus subtilis gave distinct antagonistic reactions against all the isolates of m. The disease is primarily controlled through the use of fungicidal seed treatments.
The strain cctccrw0024 displayed high antagonistic activity 96. Macrophomina phaseolina charcoal rot of beantobacco. The trichoderma strains were characterized with a polyphasic approach, which combined the analysis of their morphological characteristics, enzymatic activity, macro and. Plant growth promoting effect and biocontrol potential of rhizobium spp. Ena1 is suggested as a potent biocontrol agent that provides excellent rhizosphere colonization and control of m. Evaluation of antagonistic potential of biocontrol agents. Ashy stem charcoal rot of cotton, caused by macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid. Efficacy of antagonists isolated from rhizosphere was tested against different isolates of macrophomina phaseolina collected from groundnut growing areas of rajasthan and adjoining states. The effects of soil solarisation, residue incorporation, summer irrigation and biocontrol agents singly or in combination on survival of macrophomina phaseolina and fusarium oxysporum f. In this study, the biological control capability of 11 trichoderma spp. Chet department of plant pathology and microbiology, faculty of agriculture, the hebrew university of jerusalem, rehovot 76100, israel abstract. The symbiotic association between leguminous plant and the rhizobia is beneficial for both the host plant and the rhizobia. Chirpine plantation in uttarakhand suffers from losses due to infection by a polyphagous fungus, macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid. Earlier sunflower genotypes were significantly more sensitive to the pathogen than later genotypes.
The following soil borne pathogens is successfully controlled by trichoderma spp, like fusarium oxysporum, pythium spp, pythium aphanidermatum, pythium ultimum, pythium debaryanum, rhizoctonia solani, rhizoctonia bataticola, sclerotium rolfsii and macrophomina phaseolina. The biocontrol agents trichoderma viride strains tv1 and tv, pseudomonas fluorescens pf1 and py15 and bacillus subtilis bs16 were tested individually and in combination for their effectiveness against root rot of greengram caused by macrophomina phaseolina. Seed treatment of bean phaseolus vulgaris against macrophomina phaseolina and its effect on emergence. May 11, 2017 the strain cctccrw0024 displayed high antagonistic activity 96. Identification and biological characterization of isolates with activity inhibitive against macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid. Exploiting the biocontrol activity of tricoderma spp against. The highest percentage plant stands at 21 days after planting were 66% for t.
Evaluation of biocontrol agents for management of dry. Throughout the world, charcoal rot, caused by macrophomina phaseolina, is one of the most destructive and widespread diseases of crop plants such as soybean. Pdf bibtex ris tytul artykulu biocontrol mechanisms of trichoderma harzianum against soybean charcoal rot caused by macrophomina phaseolina tytul czasopisma journal of plant protection research. Evaluation of biological agents for control of macrophomina. Plant growth promoting effect and biocontrol potential of. Review of literature characterization of endophytic rhizobacteria from vigna mungo l. The present work was carried out on groundnut for evaluating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi along with trichoderma as biological control agent against soilborne pathogen macrophomina phaseolina. Pdf throughout the world, charcoal rot, caused by macrophomina phaseolina, is one of the most destructive and widespread diseases of. Genetic and biological characterization of macrophomina. Biocontrol of macrophomina rootrot disease of jute by an.
Sixtyfour strains ofrhizobium and seven other rhizosphere bacteria were evaluated by streakplate, doublelayer, and spentculture methods to determine their antibiotic activity againstmacrophomina phaseolina, causative agent of ashy stem blight of beans. Pdf soil solarisation, amendments and biocontrol agents. Isolation, identification and in vitro screening of rhizospheric fungi for biological control of macrophomina phaseolina. Abstractwe examined the biocontrol and the differential production of h2o2 and in the relationship macrophomina phaseolina pgpr in soybean seedling. Evaluation of antagonists against macrophomina phaseolina. Pdf efficiency of glomus fasciculatum and trichoderma. To determine the influence of various trace minerals and carbon source on the biocontrol performance of pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ie. Pdf the charcoal rot of vigna mungo is caused by macrophomina phaseolina. Pdf biosurfactantmediated biocontrol of macrophomina. Abstract infection by macrophonina phaseolina was substantially reduced following treatment of sunflower and mungbean seeds with trichoderma harzianum. The effective biocontrol agents and chemicals which were introduction sesame sesamum indicum l. Biocontrol mechanisms of trichoderma harzianum against soybean charcoal rot caused by macrophomina phaseolina article pdf available in journal of plant protection research 561 january 2016.
Six isolates of trichoderma harzianum were tested as potential biocontrol agents under. A direct observation technique for evaluating sclerotium. In vitro efficacy of biocontrol agents against the test pathogen macrophomina phaseolina was studied through dual culture technique. Yalcin kaya, in breeding oilseed crops for sustainable production, 2016. Bacterial isolates having antifungal and good plant growthpromoting attributes were isolated from chirpine pinus roxburghii rhizosphere. Its ability to improve ros production and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes could be related to its. The name of urad seems to have originated from the tamil word ulundu.
Antagonistic activity of trichoderma and penicillium species. Isolation of plant growthpromoting strains of bradyrhizobium arachis sp. No single control measures are ineffective or not feasible under farmers conditions. Evaluation of trichoderma isolates as potential biological. May 12, 2003 the aim of the present investigation was to determine the role of mineral and carbon amendments on the biological control performance of psuedomonas aeruginosa strain ie. Antagonist aspergillus versicolor biocontrol entisoil macrophomina phaseolina.
The highest percentage of growth inhibition rate of macrophomina phaseolina. In vitro evaluation of bacteria for the biological control. Charcoal rot macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid macrophomina rot is responsible for economic damage to sunflower production and is especially widespread in arid regions. As regards the compatibility of the biocontrol agents with each. Hepper and their role in biocontrol of macrophomina phaseolina tassi goid. Trichoderma harzianum on the control of macrophomina phaseolina in the bean crop phaseolus vulgaris, cv. Biocontrol mechanisms of trichoderma harzianum against. Seed treatment with trichoderma species for control of dampingoff of cowpea caused by macrophomina phaseolina.
Biocontrol potential and polyphasic characterization of novel. Tricoderma spp are used as effective biocontrol agents against several soil borne fungal plant pathogens including macrophomina phaseolina, fusarium spp, pythium spp 3. Native strains of trichoderma isolated from sorghum and common bean crop soils were investigated to assess their biocontrol potential over the phytopathogenic fungus macrophomina phaseolina, isolated from diseased plants. Torres mj1, brandan cp2, petroselli g3, errabalsells r3, audisio mc4. An isolate, bacillus subtilis bn1 exhibited strong antagonistic activity against macrophomina phaseolina, and. Biocontrol of soybean charcoal root rot disease by using. Macrophomina phaseolina antagonists, fungicides, dual culture, poisoned food technique, be effective with cent per cent growth inhibition of the pathogen at both the concentrations 500 and ppm tested.
Alekhya, g and sharma, r and gopalakrishnan, s 2016 streptomyces spp. Macrophomina phaseolina is a nonspecialized soilborne pathogen that can become a problem by causing root rot, charcoal rot, collar rot, dampingoff, wilt, leaf blight, and stem blight in both agricultural and natural or landscape environments. Isolation, identification and in vitro screening of. Bca546, bca659, bca667, bca689, bca698, cai8 and cai3.
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